Substance Abuse And Mental Health Problems - 877 Words

FINAL PROJECT 2 Introduction Substance abuse and mental health problems are serious issues in our society. These problems appear to be associated, so it is necessary to look at both and how they interact (Ramchand). Substance abuse can bring about or exacerbate existing mental health problems, including suicidal ideation and attempts. Medical professionals cannot begin to resolve the issue of substance abuse related suicidal ideation or attempts unless they have an effective solution. A solution cannot be created until there is enough evidence stating that there is a connection between substance abuse and suicide. Researchers need to consider the types of suicidal feelings, environmental factors, emotional factors, and substance abuse factors. Until then this problem will persist with devastating costs. Part of the solution will be determining the type of suicidal feelings the patient is experiencing. If practitioners know why the patient is feeling suicidal, he/she can begin to treat the core of the pro blem and possibly send the substance abuse into recovery as well (Jennings). Literature Review Jennings et al. looked at the different types of suicidal feelings. They identified four types of suicidal feelings. Type one is called Avoidance of Painful Consequences. This is the person who feels he or she has ruined all chances of a relationship with the people he or she is close to. The second type is called The Depressive Experience of â€Å"Crashing†.Show MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life1259 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life Marina Herrera Butte College Abstract This paper explores the interesting relationship between substance abuse and mental health problems among military and civilian life. As well as stigma barriers to treatment within a military vs. a civilian setting. The article â€Å"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment in the Military: Lessons Learned and a Way Forward† written by Katie Witkiewitz and ArmandoRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act And The Substance Abuse And Mental Health Service Administration?786 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance abuse has been a known topic which has not been recognized and fully treated the way it should. Unlike general medicine, substance abuse treatments have their own facility and services apart from general settings, making it harder to get the recognition and the assistance needed to help the individuals in need. Both the Affordable Care Act and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA), which is a part of the US Department of Health and Human Services have promotedRead MoreThe Mental Health Parity And Addiction Act1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe Mental Health Parity and Addiction Act (MHPAEA) of 2008. 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In fact anything can make it difficult for an individual’s ability to interact effectivelyRead MoreTaking a Look at Homelessness893 Words   |  4 Pagesthis community, there are a large number of homeless individuals. In homeless population, mental illness commonly present in the forms of schizophrenia, depression, personality disorders, substance abuse, and other affective disorders. According to Metro Vancouver Homeless Count, there are â€Å"400 homeless people in Surrey, representing 15% of the regions 2650 homeless† (City of Surrey, n.d, â€Å"2014†). This problem has been present for many years and there are still people suffering from the basic lackRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Older Adults Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesI was surprised to hear that substance abuse is a growing epidemic among our elderly because when I think of the elderly I don’t think falling over on the floor drunk or sitting at a bar knocking drinks back. It really is an â€Å"invisible epidemic†. It was shocking to hear that because of insufficient knowledge, health care providers often overlook substance abuse among older adults and fail to diagnose them correctly. â€Å"Symptoms of substance abuse in older individuals sometimes mimic symptoms of otherRead MoreDrug Policy And Funding Has Not Changed Much Over The Past Two Decades1505 Words   |  7 PagesControl Budget. As of 2014, the majority of funding for this budget went into supply reduction (59.9%), demand reduction (40.1%), and domestic law enforcement (36.8%). Only 35 percen t of the funding was provided for treatment of drug abuse, and 5.1 percent for drug abuse prevention (Sacco, 2014, p.16). These numbers have not changed since 2005, when they were within a 5 percent difference (Sacco, 2014, p.16). These figures are a representation of why drug policy and funding has not worked for decadesRead MoreRelationship Between Mental Health And Addiction1470 Words   |  6 PagesIf you or someone you love is seeking treatment for a substance abuse related disorder in addition to a psychiatric disorder, you will come across two terms in your research: co-occurring disorders and dual diagnosis. Right off you may be more concerned about simply getting help for your addiction. Maybe it has caused you to lose your job and your family is in tatters. It s important to note that when substance abuse and mental illness co-occur specialized treatment is needed. First, however, youRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Its Effects On The United States1050 Words   |  5 Pagesn arcotics were used, but during the 19th century is when the active substances in drugs were found. Many of these substances were given over the counter and weren t regulated, which meant that people could easily obtain substances such as morphine, cocaine, landuam, and many others. During the early 1900s, an estimate of about 250,000 people were abusing a substance within the United States. Substance abuse is a serious problem which can affect one s physical and psychological capabilities, theirRead MoreMental Illness Of The Mentally Ill On Deinstitutionalization1514 Words   |  7 PagesMental illness in America has become an increasingly popular topic of discussion. Rather than being placed in hospitals for treatment, mentally ill individuals are being placed into correctional facilities for their actions. Persons with serious mental illness (SMI) such as bi-polar disorder, severe depression, schizophrenia and etc. have trouble within society. Many lack income and stable living a rrangements to be able to succeed in the community. Side effects of their illness can enable them to

Personal Goals And Abilities Of A Social Enterprise

According to (Young, 2008) â€Å"A social enterprise is thought to be something new and something distinct from classical business and traditional non-profit activity, combining at different extents elements of the social purpose, the market orientation and financial performance standards of business†. When looking at starting up a social enterprise there are important points that need to be looked at the help ensure the enterprise is successful. Firstly before the start up of a social or technological enterprise there are issues that have to be assessed, these are personal goals and abilities, resource availability and opportunity (Schaper, Volery, Weber Gibson, 2014). The personal goals and abilities of a social enterprise are to address social and environmental problems, mostly looking at the root of a market, also aiming for the majority of profits to be reinvested back into the enterprise this will increase social purpose. A standard enterprise is usually more concerned in earning profits for the shareholders and owners (Social Enterprise UK, 2012). Resource availability is another issue that has to be assessed before starting a social enterprise, more specifically entry costs and exit costs. In New Zealand the social finance sector is significantly under developed and as a result of this it makes social enterprise start up very difficult, therefore initial financing has to come from New Zealanders own personal pockets until some sort of funding is found (Schaper,Show MoreRelatedBeing an Entrepeneur1043 Words   |  4 Pagesperson who has possession of a new enterprise, or â€Å"idea and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome† (Source: H) can be known as an entrepreneur. â€Å"The term is originally a loanword from French and was first defined by the Irish economist Richard Cantillon.† (Define an Entrepreneur, Source: H) â€Å"Entrepreneur in English is a term applied to the type of personality who is willing to take upon her or himself a new venture or enterprise and accepts fu ll responsibility forRead MoreEssay on International Management Process1168 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Fall 02 Semester The International Management Process An Overview  · International Management process - is heavily affected by the culture (as well as other factors) of the country where enterprises pursue their goals and objectives.  · Culture - comprise an entire set of social norms and responses that condition peoples behavior, it is acquired and incalculated, a set of rules and behavior, patterns that an individual learns but does not inherit at birth. Three Ways CultureRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : The Department Of Human Resource And Management1524 Words   |  7 Pagesand the services we provide. The agency Diversity is a â€Å"set of innate and social characteristics that differentiate and link individuals and groups†. Race mixture categories are race and ethnicity; gender/sex; sexual orientation; religion; culture and language; class, equity and welfare. Thus, a management has to be open mind and flexible; these qualities are extremely important in the workplace. A leader has the abilities of hiring the right people for specific jobs, they are responsible to buildRead MoreCommunication Content As An Integral Part Of Every Business1691 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on social and task orientations. In exploring the scopes of these given types of communication content, the paper proceeds to study the case of McDonalds in a contextual discussion manner. It shows that the company uses the social orientation framework of communication content in engaging its staff members at all levels and in all outlets. It starts from face-to-face interrelationships of employees and management. In ma intaining social connections in the vast coverage of the enterprise, thereRead MoreA Market Based Approach For Community Development Essay1400 Words   |  6 Pagescommunities. increasing opportunities for social inclusion and economic sustainability Social Sustainability 1. True community development exemplifies the relationship between the local actor and the interconnectedness that needs to exist to accomplish change. Market based approaches to community development involve those who participate in the social economy i.e. cooperatives, social enterprises etc. Locally tied, these market based approaches tap into social capital as key business practice. BroadlyRead MoreThe Substance Of The Bargain Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagesgives what, who gets what, and when those deliveries and receipts will take place. Each transaction delivers a bundle of values. They include economic benefits, social recognition, autonomy and decision rights, satisfaction of deep personal needs, social interactions, fulfilment of generative and legacy desires, and delivery on altruistic goals. After an insightful conversation with his father, Kapur wished to start a poultry business giving up his high paying job at WIMCO. He had made his calculationsRead MoreHuman Resources Management– Case Study1421 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement, employee relationship management, employee safety and health management, etc. Namely: enterprise modern management method, is used to obtain (candidate), human resource development (education), maintain (retention) and using the () of choose and employ persons to plan, organize, command, control and coordination and a series of activities, achieve finally realize enterprise development goals of a management behavior. Person is the most important assets of the organization, as wellRead MoreBMGT 110 Final Paper Kelly S Sandwich Shop Case Study 11731 Words   |  7 Pagesidentify how different factors effect on the growth of small businesses. The growth of small businesses has been influenced by factors such as growth strategy, business forms, short and medium term goals, financing assistance, organizational structure and staffing needs, customers and promotion, and ethics and social responsibility. In this paper will to discuss how the different factors alter the advancement of small businesses. Kelly’s sandwich concession has been selling sandwich and other lunch itemsRead MoreNonprofit Versus For Profit Stakeholders933 Words   |  4 Pagesactivities for the end goal (Daft, 2013). Although it is very difficult to measure the impact that a nonprofit has on society, community, or a particular group as opposed to evaluating an income statement from a for-pro-profit organization. The same level of attention should be paid to stakeholder for nonprofit organizations as stakeholders of for-profit organizations. Nonprofit Organization Stakeholder In a nonprofit organization, managers are concerned with â€Å"generating some social impact† (Daft, 2013)Read MoreThe, Double Spaced, 12 Point Font : Bring Your Own Device ( Byod )1703 Words   |  7 Pagesactivities and access internal corporate resources from their own personal devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. In the article â€Å"BYOD: Where the Employee and the Enterprise Intersect,† Waterfill and Dilworth define BYOD as â€Å"the consumerization of IT†. o BYOD encompasses the user’s device, the network to establish connectivity, and the server to grant resources for the user to consume. o BYOD encompasses the use of social networking, multimedia, and collaboration tools in a corporate setting

The Career Of A Career For Myself At A Well Reputed Institute

Pleasure in the job puts perfection in the work - Aristotle True to the words of Aristotle, I made the decision to establish a career for myself in the field of technology where my strongest penchant lies. Right from my schooling, I loved computer based projects, working dedicatedly to discover the field and its rich technicalities. The most impressive aspect of the field is programming and coding, which I discovered for the first time through basic coding in C during school. From then on, I have been an avid programmer, utilizing every opportunity that comes my way to innovate and experiment. I have written codes for simple programs in school and designed complex projects based on programming in college. After 4.5 years of professional†¦show more content†¦Basic courses like Computer Programming, Principle of Programming Language, Object Oriented Programming laid the foundation for me to cultivate an advanced knowledge in the field. Having a strong foundation helped me in coping up with highly technical and challenging courses such as Computer Architecture, Compiler Construction and so on. Moreover, as a practice oriented person, I had a natural inclination toward the practical sessions. When it came to programming, I was often found experimenting with algorithms and innovatively worked to bring out the best output. I enjoyed all the programming language lab sessions, including Web programming, C, C++, etc. Considering programming as my forte, I ultimately chose a project that required strong programming skills as well. My final year project, Network Management was based on networking and the process involved in it. In a scenario of multiple systems with one network, we aimed at monitoring and controlling the various processes in all the systems. Ours was the only project based on Networking and involved a fully operating computer network. As part of the project, I developed my acumen in running a computer network, a LAN connecting on LAN and with each other. As a unique project, it involved a lot of innovation and challenges. With a team of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. students, I was able to work through the technical glitches and setbacks to fabricate a successful project.

Corporate Accounting Financial Assessment for Accounts

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Accounting for Financial Assessment for Accounts. Answer: Qantas Airways Non-financial Assets The value regarding the non- financial assets is appropriately analyzed in the balance sheet in order to determine and evaluate there is any impairment present or not. Therefore, if there is impairment then it will help to estimate the recoverable amount of the asset. For intangible assets and goodwill, recoverable amount is calculated towards the end of the financial year. Therefore, assets regain able amount is greater than the fair value less sell costs. The assets help to increase flow of cash, for instance aircraft that are evaluated on the cash generating unit (Annual Report, 2016). The estimated flow of cash used to determine recoverable amount is discounted at the net present value using the discount rates that reflect an assessment of current market of time money value and risks specific to assets. The identification of CGU of the asset required judgment, and it requires determination of low aggregation of assets that helps to produce an independent flow of cash. The lowest assets aggregation gives augment to the CGUs as described by the AASB 136: mutilation of the assets are Qantas Domestic CGU, Qantas loyalty CGU, Qantas International CGU, Jetstar Group CGU and Qantas Freight CGU. Financial Assets The value regarding the financial assets seems to be evaluated at the reporting date for the purpose of determining whether there is any impairment. The financial assets are considered to be impaired if the objective shows that the event has negative impact on the estimated flow of cash of those assets. The impairment losses in the financial asset is estimated at the amortized costs is estimated as difference between the present value and carrying amount of estimated future flow of cash discounted at an effective rate of interest of the asset. Commonwealth Bank Provisions for the Impairment of Financial Assets The mutilation of the financial asset impairment arises, anywhere; the evidence is intention of the mutilation at a collective or individual basis, and an adequate amount to cover the credit related loss. The credit loss arises from the loans and also from the credit mechanisms such as guarantees, contingent liabilities, bank recognition and financial mechanisms. The provisions appraises are increased with presenting evidence objective of the mutilation. The provisions assessed are commonly made against the risk rate credit facility where there is a loss of amount $20,000. The provision is established primarily based on approximating the fair assessment of the guarantee taken and estimated as the dissimilarity between carrying amount of financial assets and present cost of the expected future flow of cash and discounted at original interest rate of the financial assets (Annual Report, 2016). The receivables and provision loan that do not have appraised provision individually are coll ectively appraised for the mutilation. The necessities are balanced in order to decrease carrying value of the portfolios of receivables and loans to the recoverable amounts at the balance sheet date. Therefore, the assessment process is subjected to the series of judgments and estimates. In the risk rating system, risk fragment including the default loss rates, default frequency, loss history and structure, diversity and size borrowers are considered. The current developments in the portfolios are reviewed. The management considered indicators of the portfolio performance, economic conditions, and quality. The change in estimates imposes a significant impact on the determined level of provision. 2. Impairment of Assets ensures that the assets of the companies are not carried more than the recoverable amount. The provision of Impairment of Qantas Airways and Commonwealth Bank align with the valuation role. The provision of impairment shows the actual value of the assets. Therefore, the assets of both the companies are carried out not more than recoverable amount. Mutilation loss is the benefit amount that surpasses the regain able amount. The impairment loss account of the companies shows the amount of assets exceeding its regain able amount. The actual cost of assets of Qantas Airways and Commonwealth Bank are shown in the financial report of companies (Holton, 2012). The profit and loss statement of both the companies shows the profit or loss of current accounting year which also helps to determine and evaluate the actual of the companies. The carrying amount is the amount at which the possessions are identified in the balance sheet after subtracting accumulated impairment los ses and accumulated depreciation. The superior the reasonable cost of the assets, least would be the discarding costs and its cost in use. Therefore, the financial statements should show the actual value of the assets. The financial statement of Qantas Airways and Commonwealth Bank shows the actual or fair value of the assets. Therefore at the closing stages of the accounting year, both the companies assess whether the assets can be impaired, and if the assets can be impaired, then the recoverable amount of the assets should be calculated. The provision for impairment shows the recoverable amount of the assets. The balance sheet of the companies shows the assets and liabilities of the current accounting year (Moles, 2011). The recoverable amounts of the assets are estimated annually and detailed calculation of the recoverable amount. The actual value of the assets is determined and evaluated as per the Australian accounting standard. The transportation amounts of non-financial posse ssions are appropriately evaluated at the financial statements to identify whether there is a sign of the mutilation. The assets are the one that helps to generate a flow of cash and are used to determine the recoverable amounts at their net present value. The transportation amounts of financial possessions are assessed at the reporting date and to decide whether they can be impaired or not. The impairment provision of the financial assets is raised with the objective of the damage at a cost to cover the acclaimed assess related losses. Therefore, the reasonable costs of the assets are calculated and are shown in the financial reports. Therefore, impairment of assets aligns with the role of valuation. References Annual Report, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/investors/2015AnnualReport.pdf Annual Report, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/content/dam/commbank/about-us/shareholders/pdfs/annual-reports/cba-annual-report-30%20June-2015.pdf Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Moles, P. (2011).Corporate finance. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Multidimensional Assessment Framework †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Multidimensional Assessment Framework. Answer: Jasons Case scenario Jason is a 16 year old, year 10 student of Chinese Malaysian ethnicity. His parents came to Australia when he was four years old and he has two younger sisters both born in Australia. Jasons parents run a restaurant and hold strong traditional beliefs related to Confucian ethics and filial piety. They expect him to take over the family business and to continue the family name and lineage through marriage and children. Jasons main interest at school is in art, at which he excels and in which he wants to establish a career. Lately however he has been falling behind in all his subjects and his year teacher, Mr Martin reports that he seems to be generally disinterested and isolating himself from all other students except a student called Troy who is continually bullied by other boys who call him a fag and tell him he should use the girls toilet. Recently Jason was found near the school oval unconscious with a bottle of anti-depressant tablets beside him. Mr Martin wonders if it could hav e been a suicide attempt. He is also wondering that because Jason spends so much time with Troy then he may be experiencing some distress relating to gender and identity. Consequently, Mr Martin has referred Jason to the School Counselor. Jason is anxious and reluctant, afraid that his parents will also be asked to attend. He has told his parents that he just fainted at school and everything is fine. Initial assessment Jason is a 16-year-old boy, who is a year ten student who migrated from Australia when he was age 4 with his parents. Jasons cultural background had changed. The family owns a restaurant of which he is expected to take from some years later of which as at per now he depends on his parent's finances. He has two younger sisters born in Australia. In school, he has interest in arts and fails other subjects. A multidimensional framework is used to gather and analyze information on Jason. Jason is distressed, and he lacks self-esteem. His sense of hopelessness is demonstrated when he attempts suicide. His parents dont know of his innate abilities or interests; they demand blind obedience from him. He feels as if he is chasing a lost dream, he flops in all his subjects. His ethnic background also limits him from following his career path which invalidates his ability to make decisions based on what he feels is right for him. This causes Jason to feel unappreciated and insignificant and mak es him feel less than what he is. In addition to that, He maintains a limited social network in school but has frequent contact with Troy who is shunned because of being different. He might have a problem identifying with his gender and identity, and this may bar him from interacting with the opposite sex, despite his family expectations of marriage. They are both socially withdrawn either because of depression or exclusion. Jason is very secretive towards his parents and seldom communicates to his parents is as a result of the fear infringed on him by his parents. This makes him be an involuntary client. Jason seems to be forced to take a course he is not interested. There is a possibility that Jason will continue failing in all his subjects if he is relentlessly pushed toward a career he doesnt want to pursue. He will not achieve good grades if he is not motivated mainly by his parents. Probably, he might face possible suspension or expulsion due to drug and substance abuse or even die from the same. This will mess up the relationship with his family possibly facing alienation forcing him to isolate himself even more. The feel of rejection might lead to chronic depression (Engels, 2009). The fact that one day he might not conform to the gender role his cultural and ethnic background prescribes unto him places him at risk of facing stigma in the society. He is reluctant and does not want to share his problems. Since he was assigned to me by my supervisor, my goal will be to change Jasons life in six months. I will be using the SMART approach (Haughey 2014) to set the goals. One of our goals will be on improving on his subjects which can be done on a monthly assessment on his grades, increasing the number of social connections by ensuring he makes two new friends in one week. I would seek informed consent from him and ensure maximum confidentiality of his information with me from circulating among the classmates and others. Assessment tool I used an ecomap as an assessment tool to analyze the information. It is pretty clear from the information provided that Jason has a positive connection with (troy and arts), weak connection with the (parents) and stressful connection with his (school work and other classmates). Additionally, a culturagram can be used to examine the effects exposed to him by the change of culture due to the migration. Social work knowledge Listening empathetically, studying body languages was important in analyzing the case. Many clients have a problem with verbal expressions thus a social worker is required to interpret the thought held within which requires a clear understanding of the human psychology. I employed detailed note-taking for development of strategic interventions. Research-based knowledge to develop research questions for client engagement is essential.Knowledge of a variety of different response approaches by one's specialty is an absolute must. Strategies used in intervening in Jasons situation were about what he was going through. Understanding developmental stages goes a long way in analyzing a case in an accurate manner (King and Kitchener, 1994). This includes clients background information which will now provide a clear comprehension of the client. This includes prerequisite for appropriate intervention that is helpful to the client Social work knowledge played a vital role in gathering the evidence for assessment. Additionally, it requires theory development, ability to formulate concepts and relate them to propositions hypotheses development and organize them into a coherent whole. From understanding the case theory from extensive professional knowledge, intervention strategies to change the current problem are selected Intervention plan After all, information gathered about Jason and goal setting; this will be a phase to bring about change in Jasons life. I will ask Jason for his opinion on what can deter him from changing his current life. I will ensure support care is put in place for Jason. The assessment ascertained that Jason is distressed which makes him have difficulty in his schoolwork (Arun and Garg, 2017). He has no one to talk to, not even his parents. Encouraging a supportive school environment by regularly checking in on Jason would go a long way in showing him that somebody cares and he is not facing his battles alone. This will, in turn, promote a harmonious relationship within his school environment, and it will make it easier for him to interact with his peers. I will set up a meeting with Jasons parents. This will help them follow up with him to evaluate how he is fairing in school. Teachers to work with his parents in taking up additional responsibilities especially on follow up meetings. They should spend more time with him. This will enable them to identify his talents and abilities, strengths and weaknesses and by this, they will realize that their son wants to take up art as a career. They should build on their relationship by improving on communication approaches like listening empathetically (Murray and Mereoiu, 2016). Apart from that, school to should prioritize on implementing a program that is against bullying (Slee and Skrzypiec, 2016). This will create a safe space for both Jason and Tony to freely express what the feel without the fear of being judged or sidelined. Influence of Troy will be used to change in life. In addition to that, his parents to improve their parenting skills in order to treat the severe emotional trauma in Jason. They should also be offered support on impacting positive parental skills unto them. This will boost Jasons confidence and self-esteem, and he will no longer alienate himself from his peers. Also, Jason is to be granted freedom of expression in regards to his life career this will help Jason in pursuing what he likes the beat to avoid the failure of the course he is taking. Professional Values used Professional codes stipulate values that serve to assist social workers to navigate professional considerations and obligations throughout their careers. These standards are the basis on which the social work profession can be held accountable. Professional values and beliefs relevant to Jasons case include: Independence Independence requires that the social worker should be and should appear to be free in the professional assignment he undertakes avoiding situations that may affect his objectivity. Independence ensures that a social worker is free of the influence of the client. Impediments to autonomy include being a social worker and a friend to the client, having an intimate relationship, being a teacher to the client or engaging in significant financial transactions with the client. These are boundary violations and pose harm to the client (Reamer, 2018) Personal values Family security- Being concerned about loved ones. One who values family will easily fit themselves in a clients family shoe and endeavor to give the best in the circumstances. Wisdom - Ability to integrate knowledge, experience, understanding, and judgment. A good social worker should be able to see through complex problems and offer simple, understandable but relevant solutions. Helpfulness This is the voluntary urge to assist people and is sometimes referred to as altruism. Social workers possessing this attribute exhibit diligence, passion and motivation for work. Capability This refers to the competence and ability to efficiently apply skills and solve issues in totality. Responsibility A social worker should be dependable in the circumstances. He should be moral, legally and psychologically accountable. Politeness One should be courteous and recognizes rights of the client. Politeness facilitates easier communication through breaking barriers. Excellence A good social worker should have a great desire and ambition to complete tasks assigned to them successfully. Social Work Ethics and Values Social values refer to the cognitive elements possessed by an individual or community for maintaining social order. They play a significant role in determining peoples behavior and actions (Martin, 2010). Relevant social values include: Social Justice Social justice entails helping the underprivileged and vulnerable populations. Such include the homeless, people struggling with drugs and substance abuse and domestic violence victims. A social worker inherently yearns to advance the lives of people are disadvantaged in society. The Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers notes that social change efforts in social work are concentrated on joblessness, poverty, bigotry and other types of social injustice. Dignity and worth of the individual. Social workers should be aware of a patients values and beliefs and honor them. A client enjoys the right treatment devoid of discrimination according to sex, ethnicity, nationality, origin, religion or economic background Service to Humanity Service to people is one of the core values that inform social work. Professional social workers acknowledge that service to others supersedes self-interest and thus prioritize the clients needs (Rassin, 2008). Confidentiality Social workers must uphold secrecy concerning a clients condition. They should avoid sharing information to or discussing issues relating to a client with outsiders (Parrott, 2014) Competence Refers to the ability to practice in an area of expertise and continually strive to improve your knowledge. They are a collection of related skills, commitments, information, and skills that allow a person to manage a particular situation (Northouse, 2018). Ethical dilemmas Where two or more values are put against each other, there arises a conflict as one has to take priority over the other. Social workers are often faced with such dilemmas. When faced with such, a social worker should settle for the most appropriate value in the circumstances. In Jasons scenario, social works values were pitted against Jasons self-determination rights. The following section illustrates the conflict. Social work values Vs.Self-determination. Ethics are guidelines formulated to assist social workers in conducting themselves professionally (Congress, 2017). Whereas professional ethics and universal rights dictate that a client should be allowed to enjoy the freedom of making decisions without coercion, some circumstances require the power of self-determination be suspended. If a social worker believes that a clients decision is not made in the clients best interest, the social worker can choose a course of action the client is opposed. Jason lied to his parents that he just fainted at school and that everything was fine. He is also reluctant to see the school counselor as he is afraid his parents might be involved. As a social worker, I believe telling Jasons parents the truth is necessary. Jason is a minor under the care of his parents, and therefore any concerns touching on his welfare should be escalated to them. According to Villani (2016), forms of beneficence should prevail where a clients choice is deemed harmful. Conclusion To achieve full benefits of social work, a subtle balance of ethics, professional code of conduct and personal values should be employed. Modern-day assessments methods applying multidimensional frameworks have improved the credibility and reliability of the profession worldwide. Further studies into the discipline should be conducted to develop assessment methods and consolidate more knowledge. References Arun, P., Garg, R., Chavan, B. S. (2017). Stress and suicidal ideation among adolescents having academic difficulty.Industrial Psychiatry Journal,26(1), 64. Congress, E. P. (2017). What social workers should know about ethics: Understanding and resolving practice dilemmas.Social Work Ethics, 1909. Engels, R. C. (2009). [Commentary] EARLY PUBERTAL MATURATION AND DRUG USE: UNDERLYING MECHANISMS.Addiction,104(1), 67-68. Hebenstreit, H. (2017). The National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics and Cultural Competence: What Does Anne Fadiman's The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down Teach Us Today?Health social work,42(2), 103-107. Martin, R. (2010).Social work assessment. Learning Matters. Milner, J., Myers, S., O'Byrne, P. (2015).Assessment in social work. Palgrave Macmillan. Murray, M. M., Mereoiu, M. (2016). Teacher-parent partnership: an authentic teacher education model to improve student outcomes.Journal of Further and Higher Education,40(2), 276-292. Northouse, P. G. (2018).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. O'hagan, K. (2007).Competence in social work practice: A practical guide for students and professionals. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Parrott, L. (2014).Values and ethics in social work practice. Learning Matters. Rassin, M. (2008). Nurses' professional and personal values.Nursing Ethics,15(5), 614-630. Reamer, F. G. (2018). Ethical Issues in Integrated Health Care: Implications for Social Workers.Health social work. Slee, P. T., Skrzypiec, G. (2016). Anti-bullying Interventions. InWell-Being, Positive Peer Relations and Bullying in School Settings(pp. 155-183). Springer, Cham. Villani, P. (2016). A Beginner's Guide to Ethical Awareness in Long-Term Care Services. InEthics and Values in Long Term Health Care(pp. 17-38). Routledge.

Writing Persuasive Essay Topics

Writing Persuasive Essay TopicsYour persuasive essay is, in all likelihood, going to center on current events. The student who addresses this topic with accuracy and ingenuity should be considered a success. It's an area of the education that we'll explore in a later article.However, writing a persuasive essay about current events requires you to know how to cover an enormous subject, which is all the more reason why a strong foundation is necessary. The facts don't lie, but the arguments can be debated. You have to know your facts, your key facts, and how to identify the opposing viewpoint.When it comes to politics, very few issues are as contentious as the ones involving the environment, religion, or politics, and so these are the most difficult issues to write about. There are still some facts that you should consider when writing a persuasive essay about a political issue. Your information is your first line of defense against a weak argument. When you don't know what the opposin g viewpoint is, you cannot support your arguments by true facts.Sometimes, it may be useful to draw upon previous research to support your arguments in a particular piece of writing. Your persuasive essay topics can help you with this. Fact: a critical success factor is the existence of information that can support your arguments.If you haven't checked the data, you're just guessing about the facts. It's important to know whether or not your guesses are correct. There are other ways to gather data, however. For example, if you are trying to get students to back up a position you hold, you will find other ways to get the students to support the points you are making.The statistics may be your friends when they tell you there is no need to check the data. But that is only if the data is completely accurate. Students are, in all likelihood, always going to have some opinions. If there is something that you don't know about a particular topic, you should take time to do a little researc h.When you have personal experiences that you can tell how the point might be affected by, it is probably wise to consider including them. This is what the effective persuasive essay writing techniques is about. In the case of environmental issues, this means consulting a professor who specializes in environmental issues, or perhaps asking a well-known environmentalist about your issue. The Internet is another source of information.Presenting the argument about climate change, global warming, or even global poverty in the case of current events, requires great attention to detail. If you aren't sure how to think of your topic, or even how to think of the topic, ask an expert. The experts in this case can actually help you, by taking away some of the guesswork involved. If you really want to succeed at persuasive essay topics, you should take the time to understand the issues better.

Compare and contrast the state-building strategies Essay Example

Compare and contrast the state-building strategies Essay Brief 123345 Compare and contrast the state-building schemes of autocratic provinces and that of rentier monarchies in the Middle East and North Africa. Which type of province is more stable? Use a instance survey for each type of province to exemplify your statement The followers will compare and contrast the province edifice schemes of the autocratic provinces and so rentier monarchies in the Middle East and North Africa. After the two types of governments have been compared and contrasted, decisions and observations as to which type has the best province edifice schemes and therefore offers the highest degrees of stableness will be outlined. The autocratic provinces of the rentier monarchies of the Middle East and North Africa have common factors in their histories, societies and economic systems and spiritual beliefs. On the other manus, there are factors that have contributed to the differences between the autocratic provinces and rentier monarchies being greater than merely being down to them holding different province edifice schemes. Whilst some of the provinces in the Middle East and North Africa have a long history other provinces are more recent creative activities. As will be outlined below province edifice schemes were needed through out the Middle East and North Africa as a effect of the prostration of the Ottoman Empire and de-colonisation by the European powers, particularly Britain and France. As a point of mention province edifice can be seen as the effort to obtain a permanent population, a defined district and a authorities capable of keeping effectual control over its district and of carry oning international dealingss with other states’ ( Evans A ; Newnham, 1998, p.512 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the state-building strategies specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the state-building strategies specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the state-building strategies specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Middle East and North Africa have factors that have had a strong influence on province edifice whether in autocratic provinces or rentier monarchies. The strongest links between all the provinces in the Middle East and North Africa with the exclusion of Israel, is Islam. The provinces in the Middle East and North Africa have found it hard to set up any signifier of authorities that has been to the full representative, to the full democratic and that has been able to happen an effectual balance between secular authorization and the Islamic communities within each province. The terminal of the Ottoman Empire and the subsequent backdown of France and Britain from the part left behind provinces that were either ruled by dictators or one party regulation and the rentier monarchies. These provinces have the differentiation of being unrepresentative and autocratic ( Akbar, 2003, pp. xvi-xvii ) . The relationship between Iran and autocratic provinces or the rentier monarchies of the Midd le East and North Africa is non ever easy to specify and it either strengthens or destroys these governments. Islamic fundamentalist motions seeking to transform their states in to truly Islamic provinces can be found across the part endangering the stableness of what fundamentalists would see as illicit governments. The most successful fundamentalist group was that led by Ayatollah Khomeini who gained power in Iran after tumbling the rentier monarchy of the Shah ( Choueiri in Eatwell A ; Wright, 2003, pp.270-71 ) . As a whole the Islamic influence has been stronger in the Middle East than in North Africa, where provinces such as Egypt, Tunisia and Algeria have had to make up ones mind whether to put the greatest accent on being African or Islamic. The stableness of the provinces in the Middle East and North Africa have besides had to take into history patriotism, socialism and liberalism when organizing their province edifice schemes ( Deegan, 1996, p.21 ) . The state chosen as the instance survey for the ways that authoritarian provinces have a province edifice scheme in the Middle East and North Africa will be Iran, although prior to 1979 it would hold made a good instance survey for rentier monarchies. Iran has long history as a state and at assorted times has been a great power. As Persia, Iran took portion in major wars against the Greeks, the Romans, and the Byzantine Empire. Iran was one of the first topographic points to be conquered by Muslims in the 7Thursdaycentury and Islam has been a cardinal portion of the province since ( Lewis, 1995, p.36 ) . Iran became and remains the state with the largest Shia Muslim population, a fact that both the Shah and the radical government that overthrew him have emphasised ( Mansfield, 2003, p.15 ) . Persian Shah portraying themselves as the guardians of the Shia religion was non a creative activity of the 20Thursdaycentury Shah in the efforts at province edifice, although they did utilize it for that intent. The Safavid dynasty attempted to vie with the Sunni Ottoman Empire from the 16Thursdaycentury ( Lewis, 1995, p.114 ) . Persian independency was at times threatened by Britain and Russia, due to the British controlling India and the Russians spread outing their imperium. It was, nevertheless, the British that gave the Iranian’s greater prosperity by utilizing oil to power the Royal Navy’s ships merely before the First World War. British influence in Iran was strong plenty to coerce a alteration in the dynasty of the Shah. As British power declined the Persian government turned to the United States for arms engineering and aid with modernization, which the United States agreed to provide to procure oil supplies ( Aburish, 1997, p.79 ) . There had been much bitterness in Iran that the British made more money out of Persian oil than the Iranians did. The Iranians nationalised the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951 with the United States step ining to halt the British from taking military action. Once the United States pulled off the remotion of the Prime Minister Mossadeq, the Shah relied on his confederation with them to keep his clasp on power. As a province edifice scheme it finally failed ( Akbar, 2003, pp.244-45 ) . The Shah deluded himself that his government was popular, non gaining that the confederation with the United States and his efforts at modernization would finally take to his autumn from power ( Keay, 2003 p. 461 ) . As for the Americans they put Persian oil in front of the Persian people in their support for the Shah. That is the usual American attitude to the governments of the Middle East and North Africa, back up the pro-American regimes no affair how they run their states ( Painter, 1999 p. 80 ) . Ironically plenty, the autocratic province edifice scheme in Iran would alter under the leading of a adult male that believed patriotism was yet another signifier of political and moral debasement from the West, Ayatollah Khomeini. Khomeini asserted that Iran was free to support itself, yet that patriotism if directed against other Muslim states is contrary to the baronial Qu’ran’ ( Khomeini, 1981, p.302 ) . The Persian government regarded itself as the first true Islamic State and was to construct itself up by distributing radical Islam across the Islamic universe ( Hobsbawm, 1994 p. 454 ) . Once in power the province edifice schemes of the radical government in Iran was straightforward plenty. Khomeini and the government merely stated that the autocratic nature of their government was required for them to set up and keep Iran as the world’s foremost Islamic State. Khomeini and the other Ayatollahs were non corrupt, greedy, and evil sovereign like the Shah or the male monarch of Saudi Arabia. They were non secular minded swayers like Nasser in Egypt or Saddam Hussein in Iraq. The biggest selling point of the government was non that it was autocratic but that it was the righteous regulation of the imaums that would do Iran a beacon of virtuousness throughout the Muslim universe. The government was implementing Islamic jurisprudence as it should hold ever have been implemented ( Mernissi, 1993, pp.24-25 ) . The Persian government bases its political legitimacy upon its spiritual legitimacy. The government as the defender of true Islam against the benign influence of Western broad democracy and the lip service of Islamic states no affair whether they were autocratic provinces or rentier monarchies. The Ayatollah Khomeini and his government used propaganda and censoring both as a province edifice scheme and a agencies to export the constructs of extremist Shia Islam. In a sense internal propaganda was non needed as the Persian Revolution and the government that emerged from it was what the bulk of Iranians wanted. The Iranians were glad to see the terminal of the greedy and corrupt shah’s regulation, with his unpopular efforts at modernization and secularization. The anti-American stance of the government was a successful portion of its province edifice scheme, anti-American sentiment meant that it gained popular support across the Middle East and North Africa even though the autoc ratic provinces and rentier monarchies feared the effects of the revolution ( Aburish, 1997, p.41 ) . Interrupting the links with the United States that the Shah had maintained was popular, yet no government with the spiritual and ideological mentality of Khomeini could digest such links. Any hopes that the United States may hold held of retaining those links were broken by the Tehran surety crisis. The Persian Revolution shocked many other states ; it raised frights of farther revolution, which peculiarly concerned the Americans, the Soviet Union and Iraq ( Hobsbawm, 1994, p. 453 455 ) . For the United States the loss of a friendly government in Iran was a sedate loss in military, political, and economic footings, for that government to be replaced by a extremist Islamic government intensified those loses ( Keay, 2003 p. 389 ) . It was Iraq that unwittingly gave the Persian government a encouragement for its province edifice scheme by motivating an rush in patriotism. Patriots feelings had been running high due to the revolution and the subsequent surety crisis with the United States, the Iraqi invasion of 1980 meant that every loyal Iranian supported the government, whilst for the government it further justified the remotion of the leftovers of resistance within the state. The Iraqis had expected a fleet triumph due to the convulsion caused by the Persian Revolution and the purge of the shah’s protagonists in the Persian ground forces and their replacing by the Revolutionary Guard. Given that the initial advantages that Iraq had in the ready supply of weaponries from the United States and the Soviet Union in peculiar, the Iranians did really good to drag the war on until 1989. The Persian government used the war with Iraq to speed up its province edifice scheme, Iranians were exhorted to contend on s piritual and loyal evidences, those of supporting their state, whilst get the better ofing the evil Saddam Hussein and his Sunni Muslim compatriots. The Persian government found it comparatively easy to enroll voluntaries to contend Iraq, mentioning to their dead as sufferer. The Persian government continued the war despite its homo and fiscal cost as it believed licking would destroy its province edifice scheme and even stop the government itself ( Deegan, 1996, p.204 ) . The war itself transformed the Revolutionary Guard from an unequal reserves into an effectual combat force that guaranteed the internal stableness of the radical province ( Davies, 2003, p.195 ) . By the clip the war against Iraq had finished and despite the decease of Khomeini in 1989 the province edifice scheme of radical Iran had achieved stableness. The biggest menace to its endurance could stem from its difference with the United Nations over its atomic programme ( Dean, 2004 p.22 ) . This difference is soon being used to bestir anti-American feelings in Iran, yet the government may hold to see the possibility of an American led invasion, particularly whilst President Bush remains in office. Whilst Iran is confronting economic countenances and even military onslaught, it is utilizing rhetoric for onslaughts on Israel plus suicide bomb onslaughts on Britain and the United States. Iran has declared that it has squad of self-destruction bombers available ( Sunday Times, 16 April 2006 ) . Iran has enriched U quicker than the United Nations and United States expected which merely increases their uncertainness over Persian purposes, they do non believe that Iran merely has peac eable purposes for its atomic programme ( Al-Ahram, 13 –19 April 2006 ) . The rentier monarchy chosen as a instance survey is Saudi Arabia. Arabia contains the two holiest metropoliss in Islam, Mecca and Medina ; hence, how it is ruled, and who regulations it has ever held great significance for Muslims across the Earth. Arabia’s geographical place every bit good as its spiritual position has made it the most prized plus in the Middle East and North Africa. The British successfully orchestrated Arabian rebellion against the Ottomans, which led to the formation of the Arabian land under the control of the Saud dynasty. Since so the chief province edifice schemes have revolved around holding a more conservative less extremist Islam internally, whilst being happy to advance extremist Islamic political orientation to the remainder of the Middle East, North Africa, and beyond. Such an attack may hold apparently helped the stableness of the province but it is seen as lip service by Islamic fundamentalists and is non precisely popular with the United State s who ignore it merely because they need Saudi oil ( Esposito, 1999 p. 15 ) Ibn-Saud was the first swayer of Saudi Arabia and his policies for province edifice proved extremely effectual, if non ever popular with the Saudi people. Ibn-Saud started by settling the kingdom’s boundary lines. District was lost to Iraq, yet gained from Kuwait. Ibn-Saud delegated disposal and patroling to the tribal heads, although he ensured that his ground forces was strong and effectual. Saudi Arabia’s province edifice owed a great trade to Ibn-Saud shrewdness and personal prestigiousness ( Mansfield, 2003, p.186-87 ) . The Saudi’s built up the land without upsetting Britain, which was the dominant power in the Middle East during the inter-war period ( Lewis, 1995, p.344 ) . Prior to the find of big oilfields, the Saudi monarchy was non abundantly affluent ; it had to acquire by through doing money out of the pilgrims that went to Mecca and Medina. It was the find of huge measures of oil that made the province edifice scheme successful, it brought wealth to the big royal household and paid for royal castles, plus a good equipt ground forces. Although, a strong ground forces was considered critical for province edifice, the Saudi monarchy has ever been careful to hold the backup of Britain and particularly the United States ( Akbar, 2003, xvii ) . Hand in manus with military and fiscal links with the United States, the Saudi monarchy has frequently tried to keep up to day of the month engineering as portion of its province edifice attempts. The relationship with the United States provides the Saudi monarchy with the bulk of its military equipment and is the biggest consumer of Saudi oil. Since the Gulf War of 1990-91 the Saudi government believes it has boosted its security due to the presence of American armed forces within the state. However, a strong relationship with the United States is no longer a province edifice scheme that enhances the stableness of the government. Even before the United States established bases in Saudi Arabia the Saudi government had felt the demand to hold specialist anti-terrorist units to protect the oil refineries and the royal household. Outside of Israel it has some of the best-trained units in the Middle East and North Africa ( Davies, 2003 P 163 ) . In fact the presence of United States mili tary in the Arabian heartland of Islam has prompted terrorist onslaughts on both American and Saudi marks within the land and generates internal and external resistance to the Saudi government. In many respects the Saudi government has miscalculated in leting a big American presence into their state. Ibn Saud, for case, may hold taken British and American money plus arms, yet he neer allowed any Western military bases within the land as it was beyond the picket for many Muslims to believe that Mecca and Medina could be controlled by non-Islamic provinces ( Cameron, 2003 p. 140 ) . Paradoxically the stableness of the Saudi monarchy could be the victim of one of its other province edifice schemes, the publicity of extremist Islamic motions abroad. The Saudi government has attempted the complicated reconciliation act of friendly relationships with the West, advancing itself as the defender of Islam, whilst back uping extremist motions, and advancing the Palestinian cause against Israel. These schemes are evidently contradictory in many respects, whilst maintaining good dealingss with the West and back uping those that aim to destruct Israel, a province that the United States has strongly backed since its creative activity in 1948. The Saudi government has tried to cover up its contradictory schemes through repression and censoring ; it besides tries to strip unfriendly parts of the Saudi imperativeness of any information at all ( Aburish, 1997 p. 362 ) . For the Saudi government there can be no allow up in inhibitory steps and censoring as it believes that a rela xation of its controls would rush the death of the government itself. Journalists can be detained without charge for showing positions that the government disfavors. Journalists nevertheless likely have a better opportunity of being released than ordinary Saudis ( Arab News 15/4/2006 ) The Saudi government has funded extremist Islamic groups for decennaries, particularly those stand foring the Palestinians. The Saudis besides bankrolled at assorted times other provinces in the Middle East and North Africa such as Syria and Iraq that had larger armed forces that could be used against Israel. The Saudis financed the Iraqi war attempt against Iran, as it feared the rise of extremist Shia groups in the Middle East. The publicity of extremist causes was aimed at beef uping internal and external support for the government whilst debaring unfavorable judgment of its relationship with the United States. The publicity of extremist Islamic philosophies had the consequence of escalating resist ance to the monarchy within Saudi Arabia with a inhibitory response by the government ( Akbar, 2003 p. 208 ) . The human rights record of the Saudi government is far from being the best in the Middle East and North Africa, yet it is barely criticised by the United States, although human rights misdemeanors are frequently used as an alibi to take action against more openly anti-American governments. The state of affairs over human rights demonstrates the moral corruptness and lip service of the Saudi government whilst besides demoing up American dual criterions. That is a combination that farther undermines the Saudi monarchy and strengthens anti-American feelings ( Cameron, 2002 p. 167 ) . The administration that threatens to turn over the province edifice scheme of the Saudi government is one that is led by a Saudi whose household has near links with the royal household, and has many Saudi members, Al-Qaeda. Al-Qaeda was amongst many of the extremist Islamic groups formed to contend against the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan. Al-Qaeda received Saudi support every bit good as American arms and preparation, although after the Soviet backdown from Afghanistan, it looked for farther struggles to contend in. Al-Qaeda respects any Islamic province or single Muslim that supports the United States as being legitimate marks for being attacked and even advocates the overthrow of governments if possible. For Al-Qaeda the presence of American forces in Saudi Arabia is the perfect stalking-horse for contending a war against the United States and the Saudi monarchy, the worst confederates in the Middle East and North Africa ( Akbar, 2003 p. 159 ) . Al-Qaeda therefore is the best illustration of how the Saudi regime’s province edifice scheme of advancing radicalism has backfired severely. The Saudi government possibly has no alternate but to go on its inhibitory internal steps and its close links with the United States. The importance of oil to the United States will intend that the Americans will go on to back up the Saudi government as it would see the remotion of the Saudi monarchy as being even more black to American involvements than the Persian Revolution ( Keay, 2003 p. 389 ) . Therefore, there are similarities and differences between the province edifice schemes of autocratic provinces and rentier monarchies in the Middle East and North Africa. Both autocratic provinces and rentier monarchies claim to set up their provinces on the footing of being Islamic provinces based on Islamic rules and ideological mentalities. Authoritarian provinces and rentier monarchies alike promote themselves as the defenders of Islam and morality and often use the defense mechanism of Islam as a stalking-horse for internal repression and censoring. In Iran both the Shah and the radical government after 1979 used the defense mechanism of Shia Islam as a province edifice scheme. The radical government could utilize that scheme more convincingly after being attacked by Iraq in 1980. The Saudi monarchy besides claims to be defender of Islam, particularly as Mecca and Medina are within its boundary lines. The shah’s government collapsed due to his efforts to modernize the sta te and the close links with the United States. The radical government has invariably shown anti-American rhetoric, which has proved popular domestically and besides in many parts of the Middle East and North Africa. The West frights Iran for its sensed combativeness and alleged support for terrorist groups. Internally the government seems secure. The biggest menace to its stableness could be the difference between itself and the United Nations and the United States over its atomic development programme. There is a strong possibility of economic countenances and military action being taken against Iran. However, the United States would happen Iran far more hard a state to suppress and get the better of than Iraq. Saudi Arabia’s stableness, like that of other rentier monarchies is surely non guaranteed. The Saudis need the Americans to vouch their security and their prosperity. However, it is the links with the United States that promote the internal and external resistance to the Saudi government. Al-Qaeda, an administration that owes so much to Saudi Arabian radicalism could keep the key to whether the Saudi monarchy survives or perishes. It would be a error to presume that the province edifice schemes of autocratic provinces and rentier monarchies have brought long-run stableness to the government. Rentier monarchies are likely somewhat more stable than autocratic provinces yet take off United States support from them, or if faced with a revolution with the same strength of the Persian Revolution and that stableness could stop overnight. The stableness of autocratic provinces depends on how good they maintain internal repression, deny any efforts at meaningful democracy and finally if they avoid struggle with each other or the United States. 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